As would be expected, those in upper and middle management levels reported higher proficiency ratings in a larger number of management skills than those at the entry or journey levels. Entry level employees have higher proficiency ratings in operations support activities, consistent with observations that jobs allocated to G-22 and below tend to perform help desk, call center and desktop support tasks.

Age-related differences are also apparent. Younger (39 and younger) employees tend to have higher proficiency ratings in newer skills such as those associated with the Web and information analysis. This may be related to another pattern in which respondents with more private sector experience, who also tend to be younger, reported higher proficiency ratings in the same areas. Older employees (40 and older) have higher proficiency ratings management skills and mainframe-oriented technologies.

There were no substantial differences among small, medium, and large agencies with respect to the level or pattern of employee proficiency ratings.