High levels of information sharing, good communication, and well-orchestrated coordination and problem solving help a collaboration project succeed. The likelihood of success depends on how well managers can leverage technology, organizational, and human resources in coordination with collaborating partners. These initiatives require employees of all partners to work in a highly coordinated fashion and require the partnering organizations to provide the motive, opportunity, and structure for this to happen. The case studies demonstrated a related set of effective approaches. These include clear governance principles, both formal and informal structures, and innovative problem solving mechanisms such as "war rooms."