Communicating effectively about the results and benefits of research is critical to ensuring that the White House, Congress, other governmental organizations, the private sector, and citizens understand the value of grant-supported research. The challenge, as with any communication effort, is to explicitly address the interests of separate and sometimes overlapping audiences. The media and content that are suitable for communicating among scientists are not effective for other audiences such as elected officials and staff, the press, or the public. Members of the research enterprise, especially the grants-making agencies, should identify, evaluate, and disseminate information about communication methods, programs, and messages that successfully engage the interest of these different audiences.