Web-based tools to support grants submission, review processes, and administration are under development at many organizations within the research enterprise. The motivations for these efforts range from responses to accountability and efficiency pressures, to legislative mandates, to the need to replace outdated systems. All of these efforts include the range of organizational and technical challenges associated with enterprisewide initiatives. This research could examine alternative models of the grant proposal, submission, review, award, and management process, including the technology and organizational design implications of these models. It might demonstrate how different technical capabilities support widely different conceptualizations of the entire process. For example, the Web makes it technically possible for the research institution, not the granting agency, to retain custody of research proposals while giving program officers and reviewers electronic access. The challenges related to such a model could be identified and examined in terms of organizational, technical, process, and policy implications. In our Web example, authenticity, security, and electronic records management are just three of the issues that must be examined.